Table of Contents

Series Page

Title Page

Copyright

Contributors

Preface

Chapter 1: Introduction to Stroke

Pathology

Epidemiology

Risk Factors for Stroke

Prognosis

Further Reading

Chapter 2: Primary Prevention of Stroke

Population Approaches

Identification of People at High Risk of Stroke

Lifestyle Modification

Drug Treatment

Management of Stroke-specific Risk Factors

Further Reading

Chapter 3: Transient Ischaemic Attack

Prognosis Following TIA

Initial Management of TIA

Investigation of a TIA

Role of Brain Imaging in TIA

Acute Pharmacological Management of TIA

Role of Carotid Endarterectomy

Long-term Secondary Prevention Following TIA

Further Reading

Chapter 4: Acute Stroke

Urgent Recognition of Stroke

Immediate Assessment

Investigation

Monitoring and Stabilisation

Treatment

Further Reading

Chapter 5: Medical Complications of Stroke

Classification and Frequency of Complications

Infection After Stroke

Reduced Mobility After Stroke

Neurological Complications After Stroke

Continence and Constipation After Stroke

Swallowing, Nutrition and Hydration

Further Reading

Chapter 6: Stroke Rehabilitation

When Should Rehabilitation Start and Who Should be Involved?

Rehabilitation Process

Occupational Therapist

Physiotherapist

Speech and Language Therapists

How Much Rehabilitation is Beneficial?

Rehabilitation Following Transfer of Care From Hospital, Including Early Supported Discharge

When Does Rehabilitation Stop?

Further Reading

Chapter 7: Stroke in Younger People

Different Strokes

Return to Work

Vocational Rehabilitation

Sex After Stroke

Further Reading

Chapter 8: Mobility

Quality of Gait

Walking Aids

Environmental Considerations

Wheelchair Provision

Driving

Adjuncts to Mobility Retraining

Outdoor Mobility

Further Reading

Chapter 9: Communication and Swallowing

Aphasia

How Many People are Dysphasic?

Impact of Aphasia

Screening Tests and Intervention

Dysarthria

Dyspraxia

Speech and Language Therapy

Swallowing Problems

Further Reading

Chapter 10: Psychological Problems after Stroke

Emotional Distress

Depression and Anxiety

Impact of Emotional Distress on Recovery

Assessment of Mood Disorders

Treatment of Emotional Disorders

Conclusion

Further Reading

Chapter 11: Secondary Prevention of Stroke

Risk of Recurrence

Blood Pressure Lowering

Cholesterol Lowering

Antiplatelet Treatment

Lifestyle

Patient-specific Risk Factors

Further Reading

Chapter 12: Long-term Support for Stroke Survivors and their Carers

Assessment of Ongoing Stroke Needs

The Role of the Third Sector in Long-term Care

Leisure and Social Reintegration

Environmental Adaptations

Rehabilitation in Care Homes

Further Reading

Index

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

ABC of stroke / edited by Jonathan Mant, Associate Director, UK Stroke Research Network and Professor of Primary Care Research, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK, Marion F. Walker, Associate Director, UK Stroke Research Network and Professor in Stroke Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham, UK.

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4051-6790-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cerebrovascular disease. I. Mant, J. (Jonathan), editor. II. Walker, Marion F., editor.

[DNLM: 1. Stroke. WL 355]

RC388.5.A23 2011

616.8′1—dc22

2010047394

This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDF [9781444397789]; ePub [9781444397796]

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Set in 9.25/12 Minion by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India

1 2011

Contributors

Jane Barton

Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Sheffield Health and Social Care Foundation, NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK

Duncan Edwards

Academic Clinical Fellow in General Practice, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Pam Enderby

Professor of Community Rehabilitation, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

Clare Gordon

Nurse Consultant in Stroke, Stroke Unit, The Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals' NHS Trust, Christchurch, UK

Damian Jenkinson

Clinical Director, Stroke Unit, The Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals' NHS Trust, Christchurch, UK

Jonathan Mant

Associate Director UK Stroke Research Network and Professor of Primary Care Research, General Practice & Primary Care Research Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Marion F Walker

Associate Director UK Stroke Research Network and Professor in Stroke Rehabilitation, School of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

Preface

Stroke is one of the top three causes of death and the largest cause of adult disability in England, and costs the NHS over £3 billion a year.

National Audit Office 2010

Over 100 000 people have a stroke in England each year and come into contact with a wide range of health-care professionals, each with their own area of expertise. There are many excellent textbooks that focus on these individual specialties. What we felt was needed was a book that provided an overview of the multi-faceted aspects of stroke care: a book that would provide a useful summary for the specialist of those aspects of stroke care in which they were not directly involved, and a guide for the generalist to the range of services and treatments that are available. Indeed, in the longer term, much of the contact of people with stroke will be with members of the primary care team, such as the general practitioner and practice nurse, and few previous books about stroke have addressed the needs of this target audience. We also hope the book will appeal to people with stroke and their families—surveys continue to show that lack of information remains a major problem. If this book can go a small way to addressing this, then it will have been worth writing.

Stroke has had a much lower profile than heart disease and cancer. This is changing, however. There is a growing public awareness of stroke, and we hope to contribute to this increasing knowledge through the ABC of Stroke. Our aim has been to cover both the medical and the non-medical aspects of stroke, and to give as much weight to the longer-term community aspects of care as to the acute hospital-based components of care, which can tend to dominate traditional medical textbooks.

We hope that the ABC of Stroke will provide readers with an accessible overview of the problems faced by people with stroke and their carers and possible ways in which they can be addressed.

Jonathan Mant,

University of Cambridge

Marion Walker,

University of Nottingham

Chapter 1

Introduction to Stroke

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

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Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!

Lesen Sie weiter in der vollständigen Ausgabe!